ABSTRACT
To analyze the association of polymorphisms of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes with the degree of lung damage in elderly people in Yakutia who suffered from COVID-19, a survey of volunteers who had a coronavirus infection aged 60 to 75 years (average age 64.470 +/- 0.602 years) was conducted. The results of our study find out that the combination of zero deletion genotypes GSTM1 and GSTT1 is a risk factor for the development of severe lung lesions in the elderly.
ABSTRACT
Global health concerns have arisen due to SARS-CoV2 infection, which causes a wide spectrum of respiratory ailments, from mild to lethal, including COVID-2019 (SARS-CoV2 Infection-Induced Coronavirus Disease). A SARSCoV2 infection is associated with oxidative stress, which causes cytokine production and inflammation, as well as other pathological processes. In the lungs, glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a critical antioxidant defense enzyme that catalyzes the combination of glutathione (GSH) with electrophiles to shield cells from oxidative damage. That is why we conducted this study to see if there was a connection between the GSTM1 and the GSTT1 gene polymorphism and COVID19 susceptibility. 63 people with COVID-19 (both males and females, with an average age of 46.3 years) were enrolled from September 2021 to March 2022 from four different educational hospitals in Babylon, Al-Hillah, Al-Sadeq and Merjan. Participants had to meet the following requirements in order to be considered for the study: Positivity was determined by a reverse transcription (rt-PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 utilizing nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs collected in accordance with World Health Organization standards and accessible RT-PCR methods. The control group was comprised of 60 people (19 men,44 women;average age 46.3 years) who had been proven to be free of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgM and IgG). It was important to select controls that had the same exposure to infection risk as the patient group in order to ensure that the groups were homogeneous in composition. As conclusion, A statistically significant relationship between GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms and an increased risk of developing COVID-19 in conjunction with lung cancer has been discovered, according to the findings. These findings suggest that environmental and genetic variables interact in a synergistic manner during the formation of lung cancer tumors. © 2023, ResearchTrentz Academy Publishing Education Services. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become a global health issue and develops into a broad range of illnesses from asymptomatic to fatal respiratory diseases. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with oxidative stress that triggers cytokine production, inflammation, and other pathophysiological processes. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) is an important enzyme that catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with electrophiles to protect the cell from oxidative damage and participates in the antioxidant defense mechanism in the lungs. Thus, in this study, we investigated the role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphism with COVID-19 susceptibility, as well as its outcome. The study included 269 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients with mild (n = 149) and severe (n = 120) conditions. All subjects were genotyped for GSTM1 and GSTT1 by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) followed by statistical analysis. The frequency of GSTM1-/- , GSTT1-/- and GSTM1-/- /GSTT1-/- was higher in severe COVID-19 patients as compared to mild patients but we did not observe a significant association. In the Cox hazard model, death was significantly 2.28-fold higher in patients with the GSTT1-/- genotype (p = 0.047). In combination, patients having GSTM1+/+ and GSTT1-/- genotypes showed a poor survival rate (p = 0.02). Our results suggested that COVID-19 patients with the GSTT1-/- genotype showed higher mortality.